My Professional History
Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works Ltd,
GM Engineering Projects, Private Company
Site Engineer/Design Engineer, Nuclear Power Plants, Canada
I was graduated from NED University of Engineering and Technologies in1978 in
Mechanical Engineering discipline.
We spent our first two years in old campus which was located near Aram Bagh Park
and on the back side of DJ Science College, Karachi.
Here I would like to share some of my professional experience relating to my
engineering background.
I had started my engineering field job from Pakistan Steel new construction project in
1978, when Pakistan Steel Mills was under construction.
After few months of great experience at Cock oven project of Pakistan Steel I joined
Karachi Shipyard & Engineering works Ltd.
From Karachi Shipyard I started my engineering career as an engineer on regular
basis.
After eighteen years of service I resign Karachi Shipyard and joined a local
engineering company as General Manager Engineering Projects in Nov 1997.
I worked for that engineering company for three years that ended on Oct 2000.
In Nov 2000, I was migrated to Canada with my family and settled in Etobicoke,
Ontario, closed to city of Toronto.
A new job struggle in Canada and after six months of struggle I got a job in a nuke
power company. Where I worked for fifteen years, 2001-2015.
I got my engineering professional license from Professional Engineers Ontario. I was
working in Nuke engineering company as a Professional Engineer in the province of
Ontario Canada.
My first assignment was at Bruce Nuclear power plant that was located 200 km from
Toronto in North West.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF MY JOBS IN PAKSTAN AND IN CANADA.
My first professional and technical job was at Pakistan Steel, I really enjoyed
working in open atmosphere with verities of people and machines at Cock oven site
of Pakistan Steel.
I joined Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works in 1979 where I spent a reasonably
good time of my professional career life as an engineer. At time, Shipyard was
involved in ship building, ship repairing, and General Engineering activities under the
leadership of Engr. Abul Kalam who was Managing Director of Karachi Shipyard.
The stakeholders of ship repair division in 1979 were, Mr. Zia Hyder Naqvi GM (SR),
Mr. Feroz Akhtar Ansari Manager (Sale & Marketing), Mr. Tahir Ali Sr. Deputy
superintendent (SR), Mr. Ehtisham Shahid (Dsp), Mr. Jamil Ahmed (Dsp), Mr. Mir
Tehseen Ali Khan (Dsp).
After long time serving in Shipyard I resigned from Karachi Shipyard in Nov 1997
and joined an Engineering construction company as General Manager Engineering
Projects. The company was working on different engineering projects like refineries
and power plants within Pakistan.
In the end of 2000, I was migrated to Canada with my family and joined an American
based Canadian engineering company. The company specialization was power
plant refurbishment, design and modification. During this period I have worked at
three different power plants in Canada. These are Bruce Power Plant (Power
Generation capacity about 6300 MW, 8 units, each 800MW), Pickering Generation
Plant (about 3400 MW) and Darlington Power Plant (about 3500 MW, 4 units, each
900MW).
I am still working with the same company for Darlington Generation (2014).
LET’S START FROM MY PAKISTAN STEEL, COCK OVEN SITE EXPERIENCE AS
A SITE ENGINEER IN 1978, BEFORE ENGINEERING RESULT ANOUNCEMENT
It is interesting to discuss few things about my first engineering related job at
Pakistan Steel Cock oven construction site project.
At time Pakistan Steel was under construction in 1978 and about 20,000 work forces
were employed to install & commission this great project.
According to report Pakistan Steel was design to produce 1.1 Million tons of steel
per year, with two blast furnaces, Steel making plant, Coke Oven site, hot rolling mill
and Cold rolling mills facilities.
Before announcement of my Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical) result, I had
joined one of the contractors at Pakistan Steel, who was working at Cock Oven site.
My position was site engineer and I had started my site work very confidently; my
coworkers & foreman were very experienced. Pakistan Steel was build under an
agreement between Pakistan and Government of USSR. There were about
thousand Russian Engineers and technicians supporting Pakistani engineers and
staff during the construction work.
Our contracting company’s major work was of pipe line installation, vessels erection,
valves, flanges, pipe supports, pump rooms installation. These pipe lines were up to
6 feet in diameter. These piping were for tanks, decanters and for complete large
pump rooms.
After a brief discussion with the owner of contracting company, my salary was fixed
at Rs1700/month which was a good amount in 1978.
I was managing nine supervisors/foreman and about 150 workers independently at
that site. The site was half a kilometre long and few hundred meters wide.
I was also responsible for pipe lines and equipments installation according to plan
and drawings in scheduled time frame. The site where I learn how to read complex
engineering drawings and its field application, I learned how to deal with verity of
skilled personnel, including skilled workers, supervisors and client representative
engineers.
In the meantime my engineering result was announced by the university and I
secured 1 st class in BE (Mech).
JOINING KARACHI SHIPYARD & ENGINEERING WORKS LTD FEB, 1979
In every one’s memory some individual, some organization and event give their very
positive and long lasting impression for ever.
I am proud that I have worked for an organization like Karachi Shipyard &
Engineering Works Ltd.
At that time Engr. Abul Kalam was Managing Director of Karachi Shipyard (1975-
1982). He was leading a highly professional team of engineers and experts in their
respective field.
He was managing that great engineering organization of Pakistan with his great
enthusiasm, administrative power and engineering skill.
(Mr. Kalam joined NED University of Engineering & Technology as Voice Chancellor
in 1997 and retired in 2013. Just after his retirement from NED University he passed
away at the age of about 92 years).
I joined KS&EW in the beginning of 1979 as a trainee engineer after completion of
my engineering graduation in Mechanical Engineering discipline from NED
University of Engineering and Technology.
After receiving my appointment letter from Karachi Shipyard’s Administration
department I had to report Director Production (DP) Mr. Habib Ghani, Mr. Ghani was
a seasoned engineer and a prominent shipbuilder.
Mr. Habib Ghani introduced me with Engr. Mr. Zia Hyder Naqvi GM (Ship Repairs);
Mr. Naqvi was an expert Shipbuilder and Ship Repair engineer in Karachi Shipyard.
Just after Mr. Naqvi introduced me with other Engineers, Managers, Deputy
Superintendent (DSp) and Assistant Superintendent (Asp) of Ship Repair division.
Mr. Feroz Ansari was Manager Sale/Marketing in Ship Repair’s sales, marketing,
estimate and billing. Bill Payment recoveries from ship’s owners and their
representatives were his prime responsibility.
Ship Repair division was a very important division of Shipyard as its profitable
income from ships was reasonably good to support whole shipyard up to some
extent. In this regard we can say that Ship Repair division was a bread basket for
Karachi Shipyard.
After joining Shipyard in 1979, my salary was fixed and it was about Rs 950/month
during the training period which was normally one year. But my training period was
curtailed and I became full ASp (Assistant Superintendent, Engineer) within eight
month, I got a raise in salary and that became around Rs.1960/month.
That was my golden time of professional life. But all my pleasure was clouded when
my beloved father was passed away in the same week of my first reporting to
Karachi Shipyard.
Since I became Asp in the end of 1979, the shipyard management selected me for a
foreign training program in Switzerland Company, that Swiss organization was
recognized as one of the world largest Marine Engine Manufacturing Company in
the world, named SULZER Brothers.
The plant was located in the city of Winterthur, Switzerland. This plant was capable
to built huge marine engines up to 20,000 HP, and I observed all steps of engine
manufacturing process and finally we witness these huge engines running on their
test bed.
The main clients of Ship repair division were, Pakistan National Shipping
Corporation, Karachi Port Trust.
As the Ship repair division was always busy in hunting new projects for Ship repairs
from different countries flags and for the same exploration, in May 1984 a team of
engineers were nominated to negotiate with foreign shipping companies for Ship
repair works. The team comprises of Mr. Hadi Khan GM (Design), Mr. M Iqbal,
Manager (SB) and me. I was Asp Ship repair at that time. During my stay in Tehran I
received my promotion letter for DSp (Deputy Superintendent) Ship repair that was a
great moment for me.
In 1985 I was again selected for the same team for IRAN visit and we finally signed
a Ship repair contract agreement for three foreign flag vessels for Rs 100 Millions
worth.
There is no doubt in saying that Karachi Shipyard is mother of all engineering
organizations in Pakistan. This organization supported, guided and helps most of the
large engineering projects of Pakistan.
At time ship repair division was busiest division like shipbuilding, their two dry docks
(92 ft X 600 ft) were occupied all the time with ships for repairs, apart from that
several ships were under repair at our North Quay wall and South Quay wall.
According to statistic shipyard’s total manpower were around 5000 personnel
including 120 engineers, 100 officers, 450 supervisors and rest highly skilled
workers of different trade’s personals.
Historical moment: Just after few months of my joining in 1979 there was a worker’s
union strike for their demands. The strike was continued for few weeks and finally
settled after the negotiations followed by an agreement between management and
worker’s union in the court of law.
After the agreement Shipyard revamps again and started their professional activities
with full force.
Shipbuilding, Ship Repair and General Engineering activities started and every one
was involved in their productive work.
Here I would like to mention some senior engineers’ names those were running the
show of Karachi Shipyard with their passion, devotion and skills.
These engineers/experts were working in this organization not as salaried
employees but they really own this prestigious organization. They were devoting
their day and night for their assigned projects either it was Ship Building, Ship Repair
or General Engineering division. Over stay for special projects and full night stay
was continue stay after their regular day work, it was a routine in Shipyard for these
engineers. I would like to clarify here that these senior and junior engineers did not
receive any overtime allowance for their extra consumed hours.
There was clock card punching system for every one right from workers to MD, there
was no fix clock out time for these engineers after completion of their 8 or 9 hours of
busy work schedule.
Here are names of some engineers and officers of KS&EW at that time (around and
beginning of 1980)
The senior management of Shipyard was comprises of two directors working under
Engr. Abul Kalam, Managing Director; their names were Mr. Habib Ghani Director
Production and Mr. Iftikhar Qizalbash Director Finance
The other department’s General Managers and their team were as below (The
period was around 1980),
Ship Repair Division
Mr. Zia Hyder Naqvi, General Manager (SR Division)
Mr. Feroz Akhtar Ansari, Manager Sales & Marketing (SR Division), became GM
after transfer of Mr. Naqvi
Mr. S Tahir Ali, Sr. Dsp. Mr. Jamil Ahmed, Dsp. Mir Tehseen Ali Khan, Dsp,
Ehtisham Shahid, Dsp, M Khaleeq Najmi Asp. Shamim Ahmed, Asp. Mr. Istifa Khan
(Dock Master), Mr. Mahmood ul Kalam, Mr. Anis Paya, Mr. Sadiq Ali, Mr. Noorul
Hassan Aftab, Mr. Yousuf Raza, Mr. Noorani (spot purchase) Mr. Azeem Uddin
(Sales), Mr. Iqbal Soomro, Asp, Mr. Mazhar Muhammadani, Asp.
Shipbuilding Division
Mr. Abdul Hadi Khan, GM (Ship Building Division)
Mr. Mohammad Iqbal Latif, Manager (SB Division)
Mr. Ghulam Hussain Abro DSp (SB Hall), Mr. Samad ullah Khan (Dsp SB Hall), Mr.
Iqbal Hussain, Asp, Mr. Magsi ASp, Mr. Muqeem uddin Asp (ERM), Mr. Naeem
Qureshi, Mr. Khalid Mahmood Asp (Carpentry Shop), Mr. Jamil Ahmed Asp (ship
accommodation), Mr. Ismail Khan, Mr. Akhlaq Ahmed Abbasi Dsp (Elect), Mr.
Rasool Bukhsh Balooch (Elect), Muhammad Irfan, Mr. Allah Ditta Memon, Mr.
Dawood Pota (LSF), Mr. Ismail Khan Asp, Mr. Muhammad Shafi, Dsp, mr. Abdul
Qadir Mallik Asp,
General Engineering Division
Mr. Ahmed Zia Zaidi, GM (GE Division)
Mr. Shifayat Hussain Zaidi, Manager (GE Division), became GM after Mr. Zaidi. M.
Juman Memon, Mr. Siraj Ahmed, Mr. Shamsuddin Dsp, Mr. Jamil Sagheer Dsp,
Mr. Najeeb Ahmed Asp,
Design Engineering Division
Mr. Nisar Ahmed, GM (Design)
Mr. Farhat Khan Manager (Design), Mr. Kamal uddin Shaikh, Dsp (Design), Mr. S G
Anwari, Mr. Qadir Malik, Mr. Misbah, Mr. Amin ur Rahman, Mr. Irfan Karim Khan, Mr.
Raghib Hashmi Asp, Mr. Ayub Gaba, Mr. Owais, Mr. Anis Ahmed,
Sales and Marketing
Mr. Hasnain, Dsp
Planning Department
Mr. Hamid Waheed, GM (Planning Division)
Mr. Irshad Khan, DSp (Planning), Mr. Zubair Akhtar, Mr. Mahmood Siddiqi Asp, Mr.
Atique Uzzam Khan Asp, Mr. Ashraf Adamjee, Mr. Rashid Nabi, Mr. Moeen Qureshi,
Mr. Atiq ullah, Mr. Salari, Mr. Ghulam Hussain,
Maintainance Department
Mr. K Karim uddin, GM (Maintenance & Stores Division)
Mr. Shamim Ahmed, Manager (Maintenance Division), later GM after Mr. Karim
uddin, Mr. Mustafa Dsp, Mr. Saifuddin Asp, Mr. Mohammad Khan Asp, Mr. Nisar
Shaikh Asp, Mr. Mirza Abdul Qadir Asp, Mr.P K Qureshi Asp, Mr. Sirajuddin, Mr. Ali
Ahsan, Mr. Muhammad Siddiqi, Asp
Purchase Department
Mr. DeSalva, GM (Purchase Dept)
Mr. B B Rug, M (Purchase Dept)
Mr. Adalat Khan Jadoon, (Purchase Division), later GM Purchase & then director
finance.
Mr. M Usman, AM (Purchase Dept) finance
Quality Control Department
Mr. Ghias Khalid, M (QA-QC)
Mr. Salahuddin
Mr. Younus Bayat
Stores Department
Mr. Jilani, Manager
Mr. Habib Hyder Rizvi, Asp
Mr. Waheed ullah Khan, Asp
Material Testing Laboratories
Mr. Mohammad Ali, M (Material Testing Laboratories)
Mr. Akhund, AM (Material Testing Laboratories), became Manager after M Ali
Foundry Department
Mr. Abdul Rauf, Dsp
Mr. Chaudhary, Asp
Administration Department
Mr. Habib ur Rahman, GM (Admin)
Mr. Syed Tahir Hussain, DM (Admin), Mr. Abdul Haleem, AM (Admin)
Accounts Department
Mr. Iraqi, GM (Accounts)
Mr. Zakai, M (Accounts)
Mr. Qazi Anwar, AM
Mr. Tanuli, GM (Audits)
Corporate Affairs Department
Mr. Khursheed ul Hassan (GM Corporate Affairs)
Mr. Muhammad Salman
(Note: Names of some engineers and officers are seems to be incomplete and may
be under different department than actual in 1980s. Please notify me if it is not
appropriate)
Karachi Shipyard was equipped with two dry docks for ship repairs and three
slipways for new ship construction. There were two quay walls (North quay wall and
South quay wall) for ship berthing for ship repair and new ship construction activities.
For Shipbuilding purposes, there were two shipbuilding halls, several machine
shops. Among them there was one main machine shop which is equipped with 150
heavy machines and managed by general engineering department.
Shipyard also has an independent power house, equipped with power generators. It
had few mobile power plants also. Power house building has also four power full
compressors to produce compressed air for the whole Shipyards’ activities.
Shipyard had reasonably good foundry facilities with three cupola furnaces, two
electric induction furnaces for precise material casting and three steel casting
furnaces to assist shipbuilding and other engineering departments.
Shipyard had seven Luffing cranes which were operating different locations of
Shipyard and these cranes were about 200 feet high, the capacities of these luffing
cranes were ranges from 10 tons to 40 tons lift. There were about five dozens
overhead traversing cranes in different shops, most of them were fabricated,
assembled and commissioned by Karachi Shipyard.
During 1980’s Karachi Shipyard was a very busy organization, at time Shipyard was
building twenty one (21) new ships for different countries.
There was a routine activity of new ship launching ceremony, these ships launch in
our channel connected to Arabian Sea.
There were always prestigious ceremonies held for ship launching. The
management invited Pakistan President, Prime minster, Pakistan Navy Chief, or
some senior dignitary of foreign country or government official.
The Shipbuilding quality of Karachi Shipyard is compatible with other international
shipyards. The quality standard of Shipbuilding were maintained and monitored by
well qualified and trained engineers and technicians under the supervision of QA –
QC department, and this department was directly reporting to managing director of
Karachi Shipyard.
On top of this the final supervision in respect of quality control and engineering code
standards were carried out by third party surveyor like, Lloyd’ Registered of
Shipping, American Bureau of Shipping, Bureau VERITAS, and other local surveyor
like Mercantile Marine Department (MMD).
Salary Structure of Karachi Shipyard in around 1980’s:
The salary structure of Karachi Shipyard for engineers/officers group was as follows.
- General Managers were receiving around Rs. 5000/Month plus car and car
driver. - Managers were receiving, around Rs. 4000/Months plus.
- DSp (Deputy Superintendent (Engr/Officer)), around Rs. 3000/Month plus.
- Asp (Assistant Superintendent (Engr/Officer)), around Rs. 2000/Month plus.
- Supervisor’s salary was around Rs.1500 to 3000 and sometime more than
this amount. Supervisors were not eligible for over time payment however
they were receiving a fixed allowance as over time compensation.
(Note: The exchange rate was around Rs 10.00 to Rs.12.00 for 1.00 US$
The salary structure was reasonably satisfactory at that time).
Process of Income tax deduction was carried out by Shipyard’s account department
at source and no one can play any thing in this regard at their own except when he
receive any notice from income tax department. In Shipyard most of the senior
skilled workers were also in tax bracket and they were paying their income taxes at
source with cooperation.
In general, Karachi Shipyard workers were very cooperative and devoted to their
work assignment; they were eligible of receiving some over time allowance for extra
work hours with prior approval of supervisor.
Here are few names of individual supervisors/Sr. Supervisors and Sr. Supervisors
selection grade names; among them some were promoted to Asp and other higher
grades. These supervisors devoted their life time for this Shipyard. Every individual
has an interesting story relating to Shipyard activities.
In simple words nothing could move in Shipyard without these personnel.
Names of individual supervisor in different division/department, I may miss some
names due to a long gap,SR Division
Mr. Consti D Lima Sr. Sup (Machinery), Mr. Muhammad Ibrahim Sr. Sup (Pipeline),
Mr. Lewis Desuza Sr. Sup (Ship Machinery), Mr. Naimatullah Sup (Luffing Cranes),
Mr. Saddiq Ali Sup, Mr. Gulab Shah Sup (Riggers), Mr. Maqbool Khan (Dry Dock),
Mr. Iftikhar Ahmed Sr. Sup, Mr. Abdul Hafeez Sr. Sup (Ship hull fabrication), Alam
Shah (Tug Master SHIPYARD-1), Sajan (Ship hull fabrication), Abdul Hameed
“Hamida” (All rounder A grade worker), Mr. Kara (Ship Hull), Mr. Abdullah (Welding),
Mr. Bilal (Welding), Mr. Sheikh Ali Sr. Sup (Engine Room Machinery), Mr. Shaikh
Muhammad (Shaikhoo) Sup, Mukarim ul Haque, Sup, Ejaz Ahmed Sup, Zubair
Ahmed Sup, Mr. Sagheer Sajid Sup,SB Division
Mr. Zahoor Ahmed Sup (Luffing Crane Operation), Mr. Abdul Hafeez (Carpentry
Shop), Mr. Rasheed Ahmed (Pipe Shop), Mr. M Iqbal (Pipeline Installation), Mr.
Abdul Waheed (Pipeline Installation),
GE Division
Mr. Muhammad Bashir (Machine Shop), Mr. Sharif (Machine Shop), Mr. Yousuf
(Tool Shop), Sultan Ahmed (Machine shop), Abbas, Mirza,
Maintenance Department
Mr. Abdul Jabbar (All types of Crane Maint), Mr. Zahid Husain (Machinery Maint),
Mr. Ghulam Sarwar (Machine Shop Maint), Mr. Muhammad Iqbal (Crane Maint), Mr.
Afzal (Crane Maint), Shaikh Bashir (Machine Maint), Inam ul Haque, Iftikhar Ahmed,
Tufail, Badar, Khalid, Mansoor Ahmed,
Karachi Shipyard is continuing its professional activities and supporting Pakistan
economy at the same time under the leader ship of current (year-2017) MD Mr. S
Hasan Nasir Shah, Rear Admiral Pakistan Navy.
After serving about eighteen years in Karachi Shipyard, I resigned from Karachi
Shipyard in 1997 & joined an Engineering company.
GM Engineering Projects,
A Private Local Company
I HAVE STARTED MY NEW JOB IN 1997
After resigning from Karachi Shipyard, I joined one of the local engineering
construction company as General Manager (Engineering Projects).
The company was working on different engineering projects all over Pakistan at that
time.
Among them was PARCO Mid country refinery (Muzzafar Gharh, Multan), the main
contractor was Marubeni Corp/JGC. Japan.
At this site the Project Manager from Marubeni was Mr. K Kamiyama, he was a great
professional in his field and a gentleman.
The other companies were Habib ullah Coastal Power Plant (Quetta), the main
contractor was Coastal Power, the company was working at Quetta for a new
thermal power plant installation.
I have worked on several petrochemical plants and operational refineries located in
Pakistan through this company.
MIGRATION TO CANADA IN 2000
IN THE END OF 2000 I WAS MIGRATED TO CANADA WITH MY FAMILY
Worked as Site Engineer/Design Engineer, Nuclear Power Plants in Canada
That was a very different experience for me and for my family. There was snow
every where when we were landed in Canada at Toronto International Airport
(Pearson Airport) at 11.00 PM night. Fortunately we were prepared for all that winter
with good worm clothing.
With the help of God and cooperation of some nice people here in Canada I
successfully got a job at power plant after six months of struggle.
My first project was on a refurbishment of two shutdown reactors unit of a power
plant. In that plant there were total eight units, each having about 850 MW power
generation capacities.
The plant was located near a beautiful lake name Lake Huron which divides Canada
and US.
Due to the job assignment our whole family was relocated to that site. We were
settled in a near by town name Port Elgin. This was a small town with 8,000
inhabitants at that time (2001).
The assigned project name was “Unit 3&4 EQ Restart Project”. At the project, most
of the engineers and other staff were from Canada and some from US; it took three
years to restart these two units after complete refurbishment work.
After that we were moved to other projects at Pickering power plant.
In 2007 our company started new project at the same location, but at this time the
project was “Unit 1&2 Restart Project”. It took around five years to restart these two
units which were shut down since last several years.
This project was ended in mid 2012 after successful restart of these two units.
In mid 2012 our company have started new projects on one of the biggest unit at
Darlington Nuke power plant. This power station has four units each with 900 MW
power generation capacities.
Here in Canada at these power plants, I met with several friends and technical
expert in their field, few names as I remember are,
Mazahir Akbar, Syed Jamal Mehar, Badar uz Zaman, David Simpkins, Sam Basu,
Shrinath Singh, Keneth Dias, Vishnu Gandhi, Artur Malz, Haresh Golani, and
unforgettable personality of Dan White.
Dan was our company’s Sr. VP and a gentleman in all respect.
Now in 2015; I was busy on new projects for Darlington NG refurbishment project.
Now my both the sons are married and living and working in Toronto, Canada.
In 2018 with the help and guidance of Allah, I have purchased a school which is
located in Karachi. I have plan to run it on no profit basis. This Welfare based
foundation school is located in Orangi Township Karachi, and so far it is all from my
own resources.
I have reasonable manpower to operate this school. Praying to God for my success
and to those who are helping me.
Continue.
Acronym:
KS&EW – Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works Ltd
SB – Ship building
SR – Ship repair
GE – General Engineering
DSp – Deputy Superintendent (Engineer/officer)
ASp – Assistant Superintendent (Engineer/officer)
M – Manager, AM – Assistant Manager
ERM – Engine Room Machinery
SB Hall – Shipbuilding Hall
NED – Nadirshaw Edulji Dinshaw University of Engineering and Technology
NUKE – Nuclear
EQ – Environmental Qualification
MW – Mega Watt
Note: If you have any comment or concerns please contact me, I will be happy to
response.
All these information and Shipyard personnel names were collected from different
reliable sources and those who were in Shipyard with me. I apologize in advance if
there is any mistake in any one’s name or any technical information provided here.
Najmi.khaleeq@gmail.com
www.najmiengineering.weebly.com
Dated:
June 05, 2013
Revised, updated-Jan 06, 2015
Revised, updated-Sept 20, 2018